Introduction: The management of waste generated from vaccination activities (DIV) is a major public health challenge in the DRC. This study aimed to assess the DIV management system in the Yaleko Health Zone (HZ) and identify associated factors.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from April to September 2024, involving 398 providers in 63 facilities in the Yaleko HZ. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document reviews and analyzed using STATA 13.1. Statistical inference was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test and odds ratios (OR) with a 5% confidence interval.
Waste sorting was performed in 58.3% of cases, and the collection of waste from sharp, cutting, and piercing objects (OPCT) was performed entirely in receptacles. Waste storage bins were properly used in 55% of cases, proper disposal occurred in 40% of cases, and the average duration of DIV storage was 13.8±5.9. Of the facilities, 96.5% lacked means of transport for DIV, incinerators were operational in 21% of health facilities, and DIV disposal was done by open-air burning (34.5%) and burial (32.6%). Analysis of factors associated with good waste management showed a significant association with the professional category of physician and staff training on DIV management (OR=8.8, 95% CI: 4.98-10.7). The main suggestion for improving DIV management was training (70%).
Conclusion: The management of DIV in Yaleko is largely deficient and is mainly associated with staff training, along with the need to strengthen waste management infrastructure and equipment. It is urgent to invest in compliant incinerators and waste bins and strengthen the capacities of providers to protect the community and the environment.