The importance of this study lies in supporting transition to smart agriculture in Jordan to enhance food security, improve efficient use of natural resources, and address climate change. It aims to analyze impact of demographic, social, and economic characteristics on adoption and sustainability of agricultural technology. The study’s findings show that majority of farmers are middle to older-aged and experienced, with a higher percentage of males. Vegetables are the most widely cultivated crop due to their rapid economic return, alongside a relative diversity of other crops. This study indicates that motivations for farming are linked to suitability of crops to local conditions and meeting household needs. Regarding adoption of agricultural technology, the results show that its most significant benefits include easier market access and improved resource and risk management, while high costs, limited access, and a lack of intellectual property protection are the most significant obstacles. The majority of technology users are new adopters. The analyses also revealed that demographic factors significantly influence crop type, farming motivations, and level of technology adoption and sustainability. Strong correlations were found between crop type, farming motivations, perceived benefits of technology, and obstacles to its adoption. The study highlights that adoption of agricultural technology in Jordan is linked to farmers’ demographic factors and remains in its developmental stage despite recognition of its economic and environmental benefits. The most significant challenges are high costs and limited accessibility. Therefore, this study recommends policies that support farmers through accessible financing and digital extension services. This transformation is essential for achieving climate-smart agriculture.